The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the environmental awareness of the organic and conventional farmers on the territory of the Podlaskie voivodeship. The results indicate that farmers engaged in conventional farming have lower environmental awareness about sources of environmental pollution of agricultural origin than the organic farmers. Despite the fact that most organic farmers have a higher awareness than conventional ones, not all of them confirm this rule. Many conventional farmers see the environmental benefits of organic farming, but only a few are interested in running such a holding. Among the efforts to increase the acceptance of the organic cultivation system in the first place should be education. Increasing the level of environmental awareness among the farmers will enable to reduce wrong practices in agriculture. It is also necessary to provide technical support in the field of organic cultivation technology and in terms of the interpretation of the legal rules relating to the organic method of production. This is a serious challenge for advisory services and institutions to disseminate knowledge about organic farming. The proper designing of the financial assistance for the organic farmers is of huge importance, especially in the new financial perspective of the EU CAP.