ORIGINAL PAPER
Evaluation of usefulness of selected food compounds as an active substances with modulating ability of bitter taste in chocolate
 
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1
Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Gastronomy Sciences and Functional Foods, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
 
2
Łukasiewicz Research Network – PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
 
3
Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan, Poland
 
4
Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, ul. Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
 
5
Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Agronomy, ul. Dojazd 11, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
 
6
Foundation for the Education of Innovation and Implementation of Modern Technologies, ul. Widok 11, 62‐069 Dabrówka, Poland
 
7
Poznan University of Life Science, Department of Economics and Economic Police in Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Poland
 
8
Poznań University of Economics And Business, Department of Industrial Products Ecology and Quality, Faculty of Commodity Science, Poland
 
 
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering 2020;65(1):9-13
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Numerous compounds with pro-health activity are present in the cocoa bean. Cocoa contains polyphenols such as anthocyanins, catechins, flavan-3-ol proanthocyanidins. The catechins include (-)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin and pigments responsible for cocoa beans color such as cyanidin-3-β-O-galactoside and cyanidin-3-α-L-arabinoside. In addition to polyphenols, cocoa is also rich in alkaloids such as methylxanthine, i.e. caffeine, theobromine and theophylline. The presence of these compounds in dessert chocolate determines its health-promoting properties, but at the same time has a bitter taste, often undesirable by consumers. The aim of the work was to assess the suitability of selected raw materials as a source of active compounds that are modulators of bitter taste in chocolate. Psyllium, eggshells, carrot extract, maltodextrin, vanilla aroma and whey protein concentrate (WPC) were tested. These compounds have not previously been used as taste modulators in dark chocolate, with exception of vanilla aroma and whey protein. Therefore, the results of this study will allow for an evaluation of novel pro-health ingredients as taste modulators. Sensory evaluation in chocolate, allowing the assessment of the impact of the masking effect of the bitter taste, were examined sensitively - using the five-point method. The selected additives were evaluated for cytotoxic activity on the MCF 7 breast cancer cell line. The effectiveness of selected ingredients as modulators of bitter taste has been confirmed in application tests. In chocolate trials, the best effect masking the bitter taste was found for trials with carrot extract and whey protein concentrate in combination with vanilla. It was shown that the proposed additives that modulate the bitter taste such as eggshells are not cytotoxic in relation to breast cancer cells. The addition of plant raw materials, eggshells and WPC proteins may affect the bitter taste of the chocolate and at the same time increase the health-promoting effect.
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