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ORIGINAL PAPER
In vitro study on the use of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) extracts from to limit the development of phytopathogenic fungi
1
University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Agricultural Environment Protection, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering 2016;61(3):132-138
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to search for alternatives to chemical fungicides currently used in plants protection against Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, Phoma exiqua var. exiqua, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium poae. Various concentrations of aqueous extracts of Chenopodium quinoa Willd leaves, stems and inflorescences were tested in the laboratory conditions. Antifungal activity of the extracts was evaluated based on surface growth and sporulation intensity of the test fungi. The applied concentrations of aqueous extracts (25.0, 10.0, 1.0 and 0.1 mm3·cm−3) significantly modified the examined parameters of particular fungi. The strongest fungistatic activity was noted for 25.0 mm3·cm−3 concentration of C. quinoa stems and inflorescences extracts with respect to B. cinerea. They limited this fungus linear growth by 42.9% and 53.3%, and sporulation by 53.6% and 67.85%, respectively. In turn, a very intense inhibition (53.5-88.3%) in S. sclerotiorum colony growth on the media with higher concentrations of all analyzed types of extracts was accompanied by stimulation of sporulation. The lowest concentration of the leaves extract in 43.1% inhibited the growth of mycelium and in 52.1% sporulation of P. exiqua var. exiqua. Unfortunately, most of the analyzed concentrations to a very little degree inhibited the surface growth of R. solani and F. poae hyphae.
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