The performed investigations aimed at determining physical and chemical properties of proper Phaeozems, especially their diversification in soils developed from different geological formations. The following parameters were determined in the examined soils: texture of soil, bulk density, specific density, porosity, moisture content, hygroscopic water capacity (H) and maximum hygroscopicity (MH), liquid and plastic limits, content of available elements, organic carbon and total nitrogen, hydrolytic acidity, reaction and others. The authors determined, among others: high natural moisture content and density (especially in soils developed from clays), strongly diversified H and MH values correlated with the content of the clay fraction and moisture contents at the limits of liquidity and plasticity. All the analysed soils were characterised by the reaction close to neutral, optimal C:N ratio as well as strong sorption capabilities. They were potentially abundant in nutrient resources and did not exhibit salinity.